What is the function of Acarbose (Precose)?

Acarbose (Precose) is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor that plays a crucial role in the management of type 2 diabetes by affecting carbohydrate digestion. Its main function is to inhibit enzymes that are responsible for breaking down complex carbohydrates into simpler sugars in the intestine. This inhibition slows down the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, leading to a more gradual increase in blood glucose levels after meals.

By delaying carbohydrate breakdown, Acarbose helps to prevent sharp spikes in postprandial (after eating) blood sugar levels, thereby assisting patients in achieving better glycemic control. This mechanism is particularly beneficial for individuals with type 2 diabetes who may have impaired insulin secretion or action.

While inhibiting glucose absorption in the intestine is a related effect, the core function of Acarbose is specifically tied to its action on digestive enzymes, making its inhibition of enzyme activity the most accurate description of how it operates in the body. Similarly, it does not stimulate insulin secretion or directly regulate blood sugar levels, but rather works by modifying the digestive process that ultimately impacts blood glucose responses.