Which treatment is recommended as the first-line therapy for osteoarthritis?

For osteoarthritis, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) at the lowest effective dose are recommended as first-line therapy because they help reduce both pain and inflammation associated with the condition. NSAIDs are widely studied and have a strong evidence base supporting their use in managing the symptoms of osteoarthritis.

These medications work by inhibiting enzymes that contribute to inflammation and pain in the joints, providing relief to patients. Starting treatment with the lowest effective dose minimizes the risk of potential side effects, such as gastrointestinal issues or cardiovascular risks, which can sometimes accompany NSAID use, especially in older adults or those with preexisting conditions.

While acetaminophen can be effective for pain relief, it does not address inflammation, which is a significant aspect of osteoarthritis. Physical therapy can be beneficial for improving mobility and strength but is typically used alongside other treatments rather than as the sole first-line therapy. Glucosamine supplements may have some anecdotal support, but clinical studies have shown mixed results in their effectiveness compared to other recommended treatments. Therefore, NSAIDs are the most established first-line option for managing osteoarthritis symptoms.